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SARS

This article is about the disease. For other uses, see SARS (disambiguation).

Severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS)
Other namesSudden acute respiratory syndrome[1]
Electron micrograph of SARS coronavirus virion
Pronunciation
SpecialtyInfectious disease
SymptomsFever, persistent dry cough, headache, muscle pains, difficulty breathing
ComplicationsAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with other comorbidities that eventually leads to death
Duration2002–2004
CausesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1)
PreventionN95 or FFP2 respirators, ventilation, UVGI, avoiding travel to affected areas[2]
Prognosis9.5% chance of death (all countries)
Frequency8,096 cases total [when?]
Deaths783 known

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the virus SARS-CoV-1, the first identified strain of the SARS-related coronavirus.[3] The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak. In the 2010s, Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of Asian palm civets to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township, Yunnan.[4]

SARS was a relatively rare disease; at the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the incidence was 8,469 cases with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 11%.[5] No cases of SARS-CoV-1 have been reported worldwide since 2004.[6]

In December 2019, a second strain of SARS-CoV was identified: SARS-CoV-2.[7] This strain causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease behind the COVID-19 pandemic.[8]

  1. ^ Likhacheva A (April 2006). "SARS Revisited". The Virtual Mentor. 8 (4): 219–22. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2006.8.4.jdsc1-0604. PMID 23241619. Archived from the original on 7 May 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020. SARS—the acronym for sudden acute respiratory syndrome
  2. ^ Walker, C. M.; Ko, G. (2007). "Effect of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on viral aerosols". Environmental Science & Technology. 41 (15): 5460–5465. Bibcode:2007EnST...41.5460W. doi:10.1021/es070056u. PMID 17822117. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
  3. ^ Al-Juhaishi, Atheer Majid Rashid; Aziz, Noor D. (12 September 2022). "Safety and Efficacy of antiviral drugs against covid-19 infection: an updated systemic review". Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal. 1 (2): 45–55. doi:10.55940/medphar20226. ISSN 2957-6067. S2CID 252960321. Archived from the original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  4. ^ The locality was referred to be "a cave in Kunming" in earlier sources because the Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township is administratively part of Kunming, though 70 km apart. Xiyang was identified on Wang N, Li SY, Yang XL, Huang HM, Zhang YJ, Guo H, et al. (February 2018). "Serological Evidence of Bat SARS-Related Coronavirus Infection in Humans, China" (PDF). Virologica Sinica. 33 (1): 104–107. doi:10.1007/s12250-018-0012-7. PMC 6178078. PMID 29500691. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Chan2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)". NHS Choices. UK National Health Service. 3 October 2014. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2016. Since 2004, there haven't been any known cases of SARS reported anywhere in the world.
  7. ^ "New coronavirus stable for hours on surfaces". National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH.gov. 17 March 2020. Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  8. ^ "Myth busters". WHO.int. World Health Organization. 2019. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.

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